{"id":9103,"date":"2023-11-23T20:24:08","date_gmt":"2023-11-23T17:24:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/?p=9103"},"modified":"2023-11-23T20:24:15","modified_gmt":"2023-11-23T17:24:15","slug":"destine-basarabene","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/?p=9103","title":{"rendered":"Destine basarabene"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Poate prin Islanda istoria s\u0103 fi fost mai de treab\u0103, c\u0103-n rest… \u00cen orice caz, prin Basarabia ea \u0219i-a ar\u0103tat aproape tot poten\u021bialul de cinism, transform\u00eend vie\u021bile oamenilor \u00een adev\u0103rate scenarii de co\u0219mar \u0219i \u021bin\u00eendu-i mereu sub spectrul bejeniei \u0219i al deport\u0103rii. Cum \u0219i istoria prinde vitez\u0103 \u00een ultimele veacuri, Basarabia ultimelor secole, \u00eendeosebi dup\u0103 1812, a devenit un p\u0103m\u00eent al destinelor strivite \u0219i al vie\u021bilor h\u0103ituite. Un astfel de destin \u2013 aproape exemplar, de\u0219i acolo-s multe destine la fel de exemplare \u2013 aduce m\u0103rturie Cristian Mungiu \u00een reconstituirea dedicat\u0103 vie\u021bii bunicii sale \u2013 Tania Iona\u0219cu, bunica mea. O biografie basarabean\u0103 <\/em>(Humanitas, 2023). Tehnic vorbind, cartea e o \u201eautobiografie\u201d \u00eencadrat\u0103 \u00eentre dou\u0103 interven\u021bii ale nepotului \u2013 un Cuv\u00eent \u00eenainte <\/em>\u0219i un Post-scriptum<\/em>. Cump\u0103r\u0103m ceea ce ni se vinde \u0219i nu mai st\u0103m acum s\u0103 ne \u00eentreb\u0103m dac\u0103 nepotul a transcris \u00eentocmai ceea ce \u201econsemnase\u201d, \u201esistematic\u201d \u00eentr-un \u201ecaiet studen\u021besc\u201d \u2013 adic\u0103 \u201etoate amintirile vie\u021bii ei\u201d \u2013 ori le-a mai organizat, \u0219lefuit literar \u0219i sistematizat pe fir cronologic. E probabil c\u0103 a\u0219a s-a \u00eent\u00eemplat (de\u0219i nepotul s-a str\u0103duit \u201es\u0103-i p\u0103strez\/e\/ c\u00eet mai mult vorbele\u201d), dar dac\u0103 pietatea lui Cristian Mungiu a \u021binut s\u0103-i dea voce bunicii, nu mai are sens s\u0103 umbl\u0103m dup\u0103 suspiciuni. C\u0103 Basarabia e un \u021binut exasperant, ba chiar funebru, se vede \u0219i-n amintirile p\u0103strate acesteia de fo\u0219tii ei locuitori, care povesteau doar \u201edespre r\u0103zboi, refugiu, destine fr\u00eente, tinere\u021bi pierdute \u0219i greut\u0103\u021bi\u201d \u0219i mai ales despre moarte \u2013 \u201e\u00een accidente, de boli sau uci\u0219i\u201d \u2013 \u0219i despre \u201elucrurile care se pr\u0103p\u0103diser\u0103 \u0219i trebuiser\u0103 puse la loc, \u00eentr-un efort sisific, f\u0103r\u0103 cap\u0103t\u201d. Aproape c\u0103 nu e loc de idilism \u00een memorialul Taniei, de\u0219i exist\u0103 un idilism basarabean consolidat (mai ales prin \u2013 \u0219i din \u2013 Calidorul lui Paul Goma) \u0219i pove\u0219tile ei \u00eencep cu copil\u0103ria. Cu toate astea, nostalgia dup\u0103 locul pierdut r\u0103m\u00eene activ\u0103, iar bunica lui Cristian totdeauna \u201ec\u00eend spunea acas\u0103 <\/em>se referea la casa ei din Basarabia\u201d. O soart\u0103 basarabean\u0103 banal\u0103 (oric\u00eet de dramatic\u0103) prin frecven\u021ba ei devine o poveste \u201eexemplar\u0103\u201d \u0219i pe bun\u0103 dreptate nepotul se \u00eencurajeaz\u0103 zic\u00eendu-\u0219i c\u0103 \u201evie\u021bile tr\u0103ite nefericit, odat\u0103 povestite, cap\u0103t\u0103, magic, un fel de sens\u201d. Facem cu to\u021bii, \u00een astfel de cazuri, un mic exerci\u021biu de catharsis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Desf\u0103\u0219ur\u0103torul biografic are o velocitate evenimen\u021bial\u0103 de-a dreptul filmic\u0103 (\u0219i nu pentru c\u0103 Mungiu e regizor), \u00eentruc\u00eet istoria \u00eens\u0103\u0219i se precipita, dar \u0219i o ordine \u201emonografic\u0103\u201d destul de riguroas\u0103, c\u0103ci \u00eencepe cu un cadru familial l\u0103rgit, cu evocarea bunicilor \u0219i a altor membri ai familiei (dar asta nu \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 memoria nu face salturi \u0219i prolepse). E un \u00eenceput memorialistic f\u0103r\u0103 sentimentaloide, focalizat pe fapte \u0219i \u00eent\u00eempl\u0103ri, de\u0219i debuteaz\u0103 cu acorduri sumbre: \u201eLe mureau \u2013 bunicilor Taniei, n.n. \u2013 copiii unul dup\u0103 cel\u0103lalt \/…\/ \u00centr-o s\u00eemb\u0103t\u0103, dup\u0103 ce \u00eengropaser\u0103 o fat\u0103, c\u00eend s-au \u00eentors acas\u0103, au g\u0103sit un frate de-al ei care murise c\u00eet fuseser\u0103 ei la cimitir. C\u00eend mor cinci copii odat\u0103, nici nu le mai \u0219tii numele.\u201d Trecerea \u00een revist\u0103 a tuturor rudelor e ca o parad\u0103 de \u00eenceput a personajelor, \u00eenainte de a se alege care dintre ele va fi protagonist \u0219i care doar pasager prin memorie. Copil\u0103ria la Cahul, unde familia era proprietara unui han, nu e una luminoas\u0103, peste ea n\u0103v\u0103lind istoria \u00eentr-un mod brutal (de\u0219i Tania era prea mic\u0103 pentru a participa la ea), odat\u0103 cu primul r\u0103zboi \u0219i cu revolu\u021bia bol\u0219evic\u0103 (pe tat\u0103l Taniei aceasta l-a prins pe front, \u00een Gali\u021bia). Unirea cu Rom\u00e2nia rupe familia \u00een buc\u0103\u021bi, c\u0103ci parte din ea e surprins\u0103 dincolo de Nistru iar grani\u021ba devenise impenetrabil\u0103. Astfel de rupturi vor marca apoi destinul \u00eentregii familii, odat\u0103 cu cedarea Basarabiei, cu recucerirea ei \u0219i cu integrarea \u00een URSS dup\u0103 r\u0103zboi. Epica devine tot mai precipitat\u0103 \u0219i episoadele de refugiu imprim\u0103 memoriei un ritm tot mai alert. Plin\u0103 de episoade e \u0219i perioada \u00een care istoria pare a se fi lini\u0219tit, c\u0103ci memoria Taniei refuleaz\u0103 tot felul de peripe\u021bii, \u0219colare, medicale, erotice. Nervul epic e tot mai \u00eencins \u0219i capitolele \u00cen refugiu <\/em>\u0219i \u00centoarcerea lui Petre<\/em> ating un ritm de precipitare aproape galopant (cel din urm\u0103 de un picaresc dramatic foarte vivace). C\u0103s\u0103torit\u0103 cu un ofi\u021ber rom\u00e2n, Tania trebuie s\u0103 ia drumul pribegiei dup\u0103 cedarea Basarabiei, urm\u00eend liniile unui calvar. Mama, care n-a vrut s\u0103 p\u0103r\u0103seasc\u0103 Basarabia cedat\u0103, sf\u00eer\u0219e\u0219te \u00een Siberia, tat\u0103l \u2013 arestat \u0219i omor\u00eet, fratele Costic\u0103 \u2013 disp\u0103rut; anii de r\u0103zboi st\u00eernesc memoria \u0219i mai am\u0103nun\u021bit, dup\u0103 cum o fac \u0219i anii de dup\u0103 r\u0103zboi, dar mai ales instalarea comunismului. De\u0219i harnic\u0103, ba chiar \u00eentreprinz\u0103toare, \u0219i o lupt\u0103toare ne\u00eenvins\u0103, Tania atinge t\u00eerziu malul lini\u0219tit al vie\u021bii, ajung\u00eend la liman abia spre senectute. O biografie burdu\u0219it\u0103 de nenorociri \u0219i de evenimente traumatice care a r\u0103zbit, totu\u0219i, la senin\u0103tate \u2013 aceasta e via\u021ba bunicii basarabene a lui Cristian Mungiu, \u00eentr-o reconstituire sobr\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 tapaj sentimental. Partea idilic\u0103 a reconstituirii se relev\u0103 abia \u00een post scriptum<\/em>, unde Cristian Mungiu recurge la propria copil\u0103rie din casa bunicilor. S\u00eent amintiri \u201eomagiale\u201d, notate pe un fond de intens\u0103 tandre\u021be. Tania Iona\u0219cu e, \u00eentr-adev\u0103r, un destin barasabean exemplar.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Carnete critice de Al. Cistelecan<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":9104,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[376,52],"tags":[82,375,1360,1906,1908],"coauthors":[1120],"class_list":["post-9103","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-carnete-critice","category-rubrici","tag-al-cistelecan","tag-carnete-critice","tag-cristian-mungiu","tag-nr-7-8-9-2023","tag-rubrici"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/mungiu.jpeg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9103","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9103"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9103\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9105,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9103\/revisions\/9105"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/9104"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9103"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9103"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9103"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcoauthors&post=9103"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}