{"id":7382,"date":"2023-05-04T09:25:12","date_gmt":"2023-05-04T06:25:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/?p=7382"},"modified":"2023-06-07T09:36:43","modified_gmt":"2023-06-07T06:36:43","slug":"scrisori-catre-milena","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/?p=7382","title":{"rendered":"Scrisori c\u0103tre Milena"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Franz Kafka, Letters to Milena<\/em>, Schocken, Kafka Library, 1990<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Nu mi-a pl\u0103cut Kafka! \u00cel citeam cum \u201ecite\u0219te\u201d vi\u021bica poarta cea nou\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 priceap\u0103 boac\u0103; bine, eram \u0219i prea t\u00e2n\u0103r (ce student nu e \u201eprea\u201d t\u00e2n\u0103r?), prea gr\u0103bit, \u00eenghi\u021beam paginile f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 le mestec, nu aveam acces la versiunile din alte limbi, ca s\u0103 pot compara c\u00e2t de c\u00e2t… nu l-am \u00een\u021beles \u0219i, poate chiar dac\u0103 l-a\u0219 fi \u00een\u021beles, tot nu mi-ar fi pl\u0103cut. Pur \u0219i simplu. Kafka \u0219i cu mine nu ne potrivim. C\u00e2nd am priceput asta, l-am privit cu al\u021bi ochi, ajutat \u0219i de excentricul profesor Napoleon Ra\u021b\u0103, care nu obosea s\u0103 ne repete: \u201eDe la autorii care nu v\u0103 plac ve\u021bi \u00eenv\u0103\u021ba mai mult\u0103 literatur\u0103 dec\u00e2t de la cei care v\u0103 plac! Pentru c\u0103 e u\u0219or s\u0103 explici de ce \u00ee\u021bi place ceva \u2013 orice! \u2013, dar este mult mai greu s\u0103 explici de ce nu \u00ee\u021bi place ceva din canon. Abia acolo se desparte gr\u00e2ul de neghin\u0103! Nu to\u021bi ve\u021bi deveni scriitori, dar to\u021bi ve\u021bi deveni profesori, \u00eentr-un fel sau altul\u201d. \u00cen privin\u021ba mea a avut perfect\u0103 dreptate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aici, \u00een Belgia, este un obicei frumos: omul \u00ee\u0219i scoate \u00een fa\u021ba casei c\u0103r\u021bile vechi, pe care nu vrea s\u0103 le mai p\u0103streze, dar nici nu se \u00eendur\u0103 s\u0103 se arunce la tomberonul \u201eH\u00e2rtie & carton\u201d, \u00een ideea c\u0103 sunt c\u0103r\u021bi, totu\u0219i! Cine trece prin fa\u021ba casei lui \u00ee\u0219i poate alege din teanc orice dore\u0219te, c\u0103 pentru el poate are alt\u0103 valoare dec\u00e2t pentru proprietarul casei. A\u0219a m-am ales eu cu c\u00e2teva volume rare (pentru mine), printre care \u0219i edi\u021bia american\u0103 din 1990 (\u201eLetters to Milena\u201d). Auzisem de carte, dar nu-mi c\u0103zuse niciodat\u0103 \u00een m\u00e2n\u0103: se pare \u00eens\u0103 c\u0103 editura Univers a inclus volumul \u00een operele complete ale lui Kafka, iar traducerea din anul 2000 apar\u021bine lui Cezar Iv\u0103nescu. Mai mult, \u00een num\u0103rul 66 al revistei Observator cultural<\/em> a ap\u0103rut o recenzie semnat\u0103 de Iulian B\u0103icu\u0219; fac aceste preciz\u0103ri pentru c\u0103 eram convins c-am dat peste o carte necunoscut\u0103 publicului din Rom\u00e2nia, doar c\u0103 s\u0103 m\u0103 conving (pentru a c\u00e2ta oar\u0103?) c\u0103 iar am descoperit apa cald\u0103. Dar cartea m-a impresionat profund \u0219i am decis s\u0103 merg mai departe cu textul acesta. Cititorii s\u0103 m\u0103 judece!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Milena n-a fost ultima iubire a lui Franz, dar pare s\u0103 fi fost singura lui iubire \u201ede breasl\u0103\u201d. Ea era cehoaic\u0103, el era germanofon, am\u00e2ndoi erau praghezi, dar ea era o foarte cunoscut\u0103 jurnalist\u0103 cultural\u0103, \u00een timp ce el era un nimeni: \u0219i bolnav, \u0219i s\u0103rac, \u0219i ros de patim\u0103 trupeasc\u0103, \u0219i complet necunoscut \u00een lumea literar\u0103. Era publicat, dar necitit (\u0219i nici nu f\u0103cea vreun efort de autopromovare… alte vremuri!). \u0218i se \u00eendr\u0103goste\u0219te ca un canar de frumoasa Milena, care \u00eei traducea scrierile \u00een limba ceh\u0103 \u2013 pe care Franz o cuno\u0219tea, dar nu la nivelul de a putea scrie direct \u00een ceh\u0103. Milena, de\u0219i m\u0103ritat\u0103 (cred c\u0103 a doua oar\u0103, nu mai \u0219tiu exact), \u00eei r\u0103spunde la iubire cu iubire, de\u0219i nu putea a\u0219tepta nimic de la unul ca el. Totu\u0219i, dragostea lor se consum\u0103: \u00een iulie 1920, Milena \u0219i Franz au patru zile numai ale lor, la Viena.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Dac\u0103 e s\u0103 fiu r\u0103u, a\u0219 zice c\u0103 Franz din scrisori este un milog. Ceea ce-i cere Milenei, iar \u0219i iar \u0219i iar, dar niciodat\u0103 explicit, este confirmare, pe de o parte, \u0219i curaj, pe de alt\u0103 parte.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Restul nu intereseaz\u0103. Au avut patru zile, pe care Franz le descrie (\u00een traducere englez\u0103): \u201eThe fragments of four days snatched from the night\u201d. Dac\u0103 ar fi fost altceva dec\u00e2t erau, adic\u0103 ni\u0219te \u00eendr\u0103gosti\u021bi f\u0103r\u0103 minte, le-a fi p\u0103strat pentru totdeauna; a\u0219a, \u00eens\u0103, au \u00eencercat s\u0103 repete experien\u021ba \u00een august, \u00een or\u0103\u0219elul Gm\u00fcnd, unde a ie\u0219it un dezastru pentru am\u00e2ndoi. Sim\u021burile fuseser\u0103 domolite, a\u0219a c\u0103 la Gm\u00fcnd s-au apucat ca pro\u0219tii s\u0103 discute despre \u201erela\u021bia\u201d lor \u0219i \u0219tim cu to\u021bii cum se termin\u0103 o astfel de discu\u021bie. \u0218i-au mai scris, dar nu s-au mai v\u0103zut niciodat\u0103. Franz s-a stins \u00een iunie 1924 (o moarte groaznic\u0103, nu vreau s-o pomenesc), iar Milena \u00een mai 1944, asasinat\u0103 \u00een lag\u0103rul de la Ravensbr\u00fcck. Sper s\u0103 fi murit mai u\u0219or ca el.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De ce sunt interesante scrisorile? P\u0103i… \u00een primul r\u00e2nd, numai scrisorile lui Franz c\u0103tre Milena au supravie\u021buit. Cele pe care i le-a trimis ea au fost distruse, nu se \u0219tie cum (intui\u021bia \u00eemi spune c\u0103 el le-a ars, a\u0219a cum ar fi vrut s\u0103 fac\u0103 cu tot ce r\u0103m\u0103sese \u00een urma lui). Din scrisori facem cuno\u0219tin\u021b\u0103 cu un alt Kafka, profund diferit de autorul canonic pe care \u00eenva\u021b\u0103 s\u0103-l urasc\u0103, studiindu-l la seminarii, genera\u021bii dup\u0103 genera\u021bii de studen\u021bi. Franz Kafka din scrisori este un om ca mine \u0219i ca dumneavoastr\u0103, profund slab, profund nesigur, profund \u00eenfrico\u0219at de perspectiva mor\u021bii, profund nemul\u021bumit de ceea ce scrie, adic\u0103 de felul cum \u00eei iese ceea ce scrie. Dac\u0103 e s\u0103 fiu r\u0103u, a\u0219 zice c\u0103 Franz din scrisori este un milog. Ceea ce-i cere Milenei, iar \u0219i iar \u0219i iar, dar niciodat\u0103 explicit, este confirmare, pe de o parte, \u0219i curaj, pe de alt\u0103 parte. Iat\u0103 cum o descrie pe Milena editorului s\u0103u: \u201eShe is a living fire, such as I have never seen. [\u2026] At the same time she is extremely tender, brave, intelligent, and sacrifices everything, or if you prefer, acquires everything by sacrifice.\u201d Mai clar de at\u00e2t nu se poate. Franz o admir\u0103 \u0219i se dispre\u021buie\u0219te. Tipic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cenchei cu un fragment dintr-un vis, pe care nu trebuie s\u0103-l comentez sau \u2013 mai r\u0103u! \u2013 s\u0103-l interpretez, c\u0103 stric totul: \u201eAfter a series of dreams, I had this one: a child wearing a little shirt was sitting to my left [\u2026], Milena was on my right, both were cuddling up against me, and I was telling them a story about my pocketbook which I had lost but then recovered, although I hadn\u2019t yet looked inside, and didn\u2019t know whether the money was still there. But even if it had been lost, it didn\u2019t matter, so long as the two were by my side.\u201d C\u00e2nd a visat asta, el o pierduse deja pe Milena.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un articol de Mihai Buzea<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":42,"featured_media":7383,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[550,52],"tags":[551,532,347,1610],"coauthors":[1249],"class_list":["post-7382","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cartea-straina","category-rubrici","tag-cartea-straina","tag-franz-kafka","tag-mihai-buzea","tag-nr-2-2023"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Franz-Kafka-\u2013-Letters-to-Milena.jpeg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7382","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/42"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7382"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7382\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7726,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7382\/revisions\/7726"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7383"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7382"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7382"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7382"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcoauthors&post=7382"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}