{"id":4130,"date":"2022-04-18T19:42:57","date_gmt":"2022-04-18T16:42:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/?p=4130"},"modified":"2022-04-18T19:43:22","modified_gmt":"2022-04-18T16:43:22","slug":"traiectorii-medicale%ef%bf%bc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/?p=4130","title":{"rendered":"Traiectorii medicale"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Av\u00e2nd medici \u00een familie (nu doar doctori!), am ajuns s\u0103 fiu destul de avizat\u0103 cu privire la anumite chestiuni care sunt legate de grija pentru corpul \u0219i mintea noastr\u0103, la reguli legate de profilaxie ca metod\u0103 de tratament autoimpus\u0103, la importan\u021ba efortului de men\u021binere a unei st\u0103ri de s\u0103n\u0103tate \u0219i de echilibru personal \u00een limitele adecvate situa\u021biilor date, ca efect al experien\u021belor de via\u021b\u0103 pe care le tr\u0103im \u00een diferite momente, \u00eencerc\u00e2nd astfel s\u0103 diminuez teama de necunoscutul bolilor \u0219i s\u0103 fiu mai preg\u0103tit\u0103 s\u0103 m\u0103 confrunt cu provoc\u0103rile, inevitabile, generate de muta\u021biile ce se petrec \u00een natur\u0103 \u00een aceste vremuri (sau \u00een altele). Asemenea cazului meu, majoritatea romancierilor \u00ee\u0219i manifest\u0103, din c\u00e2nd \u00een c\u00e2nd, interesul pentru starea de s\u0103n\u0103tate sau boal\u0103 a c\u00e2te unui personaj, consider\u00e2nd c\u0103, tr\u0103ind \u00eentr-o lume at\u00e2t de dinamic\u0103, factorii stresan\u021bi caracteristici acestor schimb\u0103ri accelerate \u00eei pot afecta \u0219i pe protagoni\u0219tii lor pe parcursul nara\u021biunii, \u021bin\u00e2nd cont de faptul c\u0103 aceste schimb\u0103ri pot genera anumite maladii, care, a\u0219a cum arat\u0103 studiile, trebuie considerate ca fiind \u201eun sever avertisment menit s\u0103-l determine pe pacient [autor\/personaj, poate \u0219i cititor!] s\u0103-\u0219i revizuiasc\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103-\u0219i corecteze stilul de via\u021b\u0103\u201d (Cocoru, 1989: 163), prin principii, proiecte sau ac\u021biuni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>Semiologie \u0219i diagnosticare<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Fiind o stare reactiv\u0103 a organismului la agresiuni fizice \u0219i psihice, la nocivitatea diver\u0219ilor factori de mediu, orice boal\u0103 determin\u0103 un dezechilibru func\u021bional, energetic, leziuni sau alter\u0103ri structurale, adic\u0103, un complex de elemente care schimb\u0103 cursul existen\u021bial al individului, temporar (sau definitiv!), reconfigur\u00e2ndu-i priorit\u0103\u021bile \u0219i direc\u021biile de urmat pentru a rezista afec\u021biunii respective \u0219i pentru a-\u0219i restabili liniile energetice, a\u0219a cum va proceda protagonista lui Sally Rooney, Frances, dup\u0103 aflarea diagnosticului \u201edificil\u201d \u0219i \u201dimpredictibil\u201d const\u00e2nd \u00eentr-o \u201eproblem\u0103 cu mucoasa uterin\u0103, \u00een sensul c\u0103 celulele de \u021besut uterin se dezvolt\u0103 \u00een afar\u0103, \u00een alte p\u0103r\u021bi din corp. [Doctorul] Mi-a spus c\u0103 aceste celule sunt benigne, adic\u0103 necanceroase, dar boala ca atare este incurabil\u0103 \u0219i, \u00een unele cazuri, progresiv\u0103. Avea un nume lung (&#8230;): endometrioz\u0103\u201d (Rooney, 2019: 327). Diagnosticul acesta, confirmabil \u201edoar \u00een urma unei interven\u021bii chirurgicale laparoscopice\u201d(328), define\u0219te o suferin\u021b\u0103, adic\u0103 acel \u201eatac asupra integrit\u0103\u021bii subiectului\u201d (Popescu Brum\u0103, 2005: 30), comun\u0103 femeilor, \u0219i care implic\u0103 pe de o parte, \u201egestionarea durerii\u201d, c\u0103ci \u201edeseori pacientele au dureri la ovula\u021bie, \u00een timpul ciclului \u0219i disconfort pe durata actului sexual\u201d (Rooney, 2019: 328), iar pe de alt\u0103 parte pune \u201eproblema fertilit\u0103\u021bii\u201d, fiind \u201eo boal\u0103 care provoac\u0103 infertilitate \u00een majoritatea cazurilor\u201d (328), sau, a\u0219a cum \u00eei explic\u0103 Frances, partenerului ei Nick, \u201enu e letal\u0103, at\u00e2ta doar c\u0103 e incurabil\u0103, deci vorbim de o durere cronic\u0103. \u0218i probabil c\u0103 nu pot s\u0103 am copii. Adic\u0103, nu se \u0219tie dac\u0103 o s\u0103 pot sau nu. Presupun c\u0103 e o prostie s\u0103 m\u0103 oftic din cauza asta, c\u00e2t\u0103 vreme nici ei nu \u0219tiu exact\u201d (381).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Se acrediteaz\u0103 ideea c\u0103 s\u0103n\u0103tatea nu poate fi considerat\u0103 doar ca o simpl\u0103 no\u021biune medical\u0103, sanitar\u0103, ci trebuie v\u0103zut\u0103 mai degrab\u0103 ca o \u201eno\u021biune cultural\u0103 (&#8230;), echivalent\u0103 cu starea optimal\u0103 de func\u021bionare\u201d (Popescu Brum\u0103, 2005: 23), cu normalitatea, acea \u201e\u00eembinare armonioas\u0103 \u0219i optim\u0103 a diverselor elemente ale aparatului mental\u201d (28), \u00een lipsa c\u0103reia se produce un scurtcircuit \u00een procesul de interac\u021biune a sistemelor din organism, sesizat de cuplul de medici Clara \u0219i MacDeath \u00een cazul psihopa\u021bilor care \u201ese pot preface excelent. Anumite celule nervoase din creier, a\u0219a numi\u021bii neuroni-oglind\u0103, au capacitatea de a te face s\u0103 ca\u0219ti atunci c\u00e2nd altcineva casc\u0103. Ori s\u0103 tresari \u0219i s\u0103 te \u00eencrun\u021bi c\u00e2nd altcineva se taie la un deget. Neuronii-oglind\u0103 sunt creatorii empatiei \u0219i comp\u0103timirii. \u00cen mod normal, psihopa\u021bilor le lipse\u0219te aceast\u0103 empatie, dar ei pot \u00een\u0219ela c\u00e2nd este vorba s\u0103 lase o anumit\u0103 impresie \u0219i s\u0103 nu par\u0103 ceea ce sunt: psihopa\u021bi.\u201d (Gerritsen, 2007: 237).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A fi bolnav poate deveni uneori \u201eo formul\u0103 de via\u021b\u0103\u201d (Popescu Brum\u0103, 2005: 201), cu prec\u0103dere \u00een situa\u021bia \u00een care experien\u021ba tr\u0103it\u0103 de bolnav reprezint\u0103 consecin\u021ba combina\u021biei dintre \u201eevolu\u021bia patologiei \u00een plan biologic \u0219i ansamblul activit\u0103\u021bilor medicale sau non-medicale\u201d (202) care modific\u0103 acest parcurs a\u0219a cum este prezentat de Doctori\u021ba O\u2019Donnell la citirea tomografiei unui pacient: \u201eOmul are (&#8230;) sindrom frontal de dezinhibi\u021bie. Lobii frontali ne afecteaz\u0103 judecata \u0219i anticiparea. Abilitatea de a controla impulsuri nepotrivite. Dac\u0103 sufer\u0103 leziuni, devii dezinhibat social. Dai dovad\u0103 de comportament nepotrivit, f\u0103r\u0103 nici o senza\u021bie de vin\u0103 sau de durere emo\u021bional\u0103. \u00ce\u021bi pierzi capacitatea de a-\u021bi controla impulsurile violente (&#8230;). Societatea consider\u0103 actele violente ca manifest\u0103ri ale r\u0103ului sau ale imoralit\u0103\u021bii (&#8230;). \u0218i biologia ne poate c\u0103l\u0103uzi. Lobii no\u0219tri frontali ne ajut\u0103 s\u0103 ne integr\u0103m g\u00e2ndurile \u0219i ac\u021biunile. Ne ajut\u0103 s\u0103 c\u00e2nt\u0103rim consecin\u021bele acestor ac\u021biuni. F\u0103r\u0103 acest control, to\u021bi ne-am l\u0103sa prad\u0103 fiec\u0103rui impuls s\u0103lbatic.\u201d (Gerritsen, 2006: 263-4).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>Corpul ca un text medical<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Exist\u0103 o vast\u0103 categorie de romane cu subiecte juridice, autorii lor aleg\u00e2nd s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i implice personajele \u00een complicatele investiga\u021bii care au loc \u00eentr-un cabinet de anatomo-patologie, bun\u0103oar\u0103, \u00een procesul de examinare intern\u0103 \u0219i extern\u0103 a unui corp uman v\u0103t\u0103mat sau anihilat \u00een scopul obiectiv\u0103rii \u0219i evalu\u0103rii unor aspecte medicale care s\u0103 serveasc\u0103 apoi stabilirii unui set probatoriu sus\u021binut \u0219tiin\u021bific, necesar cercet\u0103rilor legale aferente. \u00cen aceste c\u0103r\u021bi, \u00een mod unanim acceptat, un rol important \u00eei este acordat criminalistului, personajul care e preg\u0103tit s\u0103 aplice \u201eprincipiile \u0219tiin\u021belor naturii \u0219i ale fizicii pentru a identifica, conserva \u0219i analiza probele de la locul comiterii unei infrac\u021biuni\u201d (Landay, 2014: 404). Este expertul care poate <em>citi<\/em> un corp, fie el \u0219i ne\u00eensufle\u021bit, prin prisma cuno\u0219tin\u021belor \u0219i intui\u021biei sale, precum \u0219i a convingerii importan\u021bei acestei munci \u00een demersul anchetelor spre a se ajunge la adev\u0103r; medicul legist devine factorul esen\u021bial \u00een efortul de legare a momentului de dinaintea producerii agresiunii cu cel de dup\u0103 experien\u021ba tragic\u0103, asigur\u00e2nd o imagine riguroas\u0103, coerent\u0103 asupra cazului \u00een spe\u021b\u0103, asemenea aceleia\u0219i protagoniste O\u2019Donnell, aflat\u0103 \u00een fa\u021ba ecranului luminos din sala de autopsie, stabilind \u0219i interpret\u00e2nd rezultatul analizei efectuate: \u201ecalota cranian\u0103, cele dou\u0103 orificii ale orbitelor oculare, g\u0103rdule\u021bul de din\u021bi (..). Al doilea film ar\u0103ta craniul din profil (&#8230;); o re\u021bea fin\u0103 de linii de fractur\u0103 radiind din fruntea craniului \u00eenspre partea din spate\u201d, \u00een cele din urm\u0103, concluzion\u00e2nd c\u0103: \u201eera incon\u0219tient c\u00e2nd l-au adus la Urgen\u021be. O tomografie a ar\u0103tat hemoragie, cu hematoame subdurale mari (&#8230;), ap\u0103s\u00e2nd lobii frontali ai creierului (&#8230;); a terminat prin a-\u0219i omor\u00ee familia\u201d (Gerritsen, 2006: 262).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aflat\u0103 la intersec\u021bia dintre \u0219tiin\u021bele biologice \u0219i cele socio-juridice, criminalistica, \u00een traseul s\u0103u ascendent, a devenit un domeniu atractiv, provocator, pentru autorii interesa\u021bi \u00een rezolvarea post-mortem a unor conflicte existen\u021biale ale personajelor, din perspective multiple \u2013 antropologice, psihice \u0219i psihologice, lingvistice sau de inginerie \u2013, reconstruind din fragmentele de dovezi \u0219i probe, biografia victimei, precum \u0219i detaliile incidentului cauzator de leziuni sau de deces, asemenea doctorului Vogel \u00een fa\u021ba corpului lui Jacob Barber, corp ce z\u0103cea \u00eentr-o balt\u0103 de s\u00e2nge marcat\u0103 de urme de pa\u0219i: \u201eera evident c\u0103 cineva st\u0103tuse \u00een picioare sau \u00een genunchi l\u00e2ng\u0103 cadavru, la scurt timp dup\u0103 comiterea crimei, c\u00e2nd s\u00e2ngele era \u00eenc\u0103 destul de umed \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 p\u0103streze \u00eentip\u0103rite aceste urme. (&#8230;); am tras concluzia, din felul \u00een care erau dispuse r\u0103nile pe pieptul victimei, c\u0103 cei doi st\u0103tuser\u0103 probabil fa\u021b\u0103 \u00een fa\u021b\u0103 (&#8230;). Absen\u021ba r\u0103nilor defensive indica faptul c\u0103 victima nu se zb\u0103tuse \u0219i nici nu opusese rezisten\u021b\u0103 \u00een fa\u021ba agresorului, ceea ce sugera c\u0103 fie fusese luat\u0103 prin surprindere, fie nu se a\u0219teptase la atac \u0219i nu mai apucase s\u0103 ridice m\u00e2inile ca s\u0103 pareze loviturile\u201d (Landay, 2014: 374-5).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Descifrarea manifest\u0103rilor \u0219i a condi\u021biei patologice ale unui corp pot fi realizate, uneori, prin evaluarea caracterului, comportamentului, atitudinii unui individ la modul empiric, printr-o estimare aproximativ\u0103, de sorginte tradi\u021bional\u0103, folcloric\u0103, a\u0219a cum \u00een\u021belege s\u0103 fac\u0103 \u0219i eroina Doinei Ru\u0219ti, M\u0103rm\u0103njica: \u201eea scotoci printre c\u0103r\u021bi \u0219i scoase cu greu un tratat despre ciud\u0103\u021benii \u0219i boli rare (&#8230;). Gigantismul. Cine sufer\u0103 de aceast\u0103 boal\u0103 moare de t\u00e2n\u0103r (&#8230;). B\u0103rbatul din p\u0103dure (&#8230;) era un om real, \u00eenalt, \u00een mod sigur bolnav. N-avea de ce s\u0103-i fie team\u0103 de el. \u00cel a\u0219tepta moartea\u201d (Ru\u0219ti: 2013: 47).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Oricare ar fi modalitatea de rela\u021bionare cu personajele lor, romancierii sunt atra\u0219i de descrierea suferin\u021belor acestora, convin\u0219i fiind de faptul c\u0103 orice caracter individual al protagoni\u0219tilor este \u00eenscris \u00een organismul \u0219i creierul lor, \u0219i acest fapt constituie, per se, personalitatea noastr\u0103 (\u0219i a lor) real\u0103, personalitate care, la r\u00e2ndul ei, con\u021bine \u00een ea \u201eresturile a tot ce am fost \u0219i posibilit\u0103\u021bile a tot ce vom fi\u201d (Ribot, 1996: 136), o defini\u021bie care e opera\u021bional\u0103 \u00een func\u021bie de inten\u021biile auctoriale privind evolu\u021bia eroilor care populeaz\u0103 paginile romanelor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\"><strong>Referin\u021be<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Cocoru, Daniel, 1989, <em>Descoperiri \u00een \u0219tiin\u021bele secolului XX, <\/em>Bucure\u0219ti: Editura Albatros<\/li><li>Gerritsen, Tess, 2007 (2006), <em>Clubul Mefisto, <\/em>Bucure\u0219ti: RAO International Publishing Company (trad. Gabriel Stoian)<\/li><li>Gerritsen, Tess, 2006 (2002), <em>Ucenicul<\/em>, Bucure\u0219ti: RAO International Publishing Company (trad. Raluca Mati\u0219)<\/li><li>Landay, William, 2014 (2012), <em>\u00cen ap\u0103rarea lui Jacob, <\/em>Bucure\u0219ti: RAO (trad. Bogdan Olteanu)<\/li><li>Popescu Brum\u0103, Speran\u021ba, 2005, <em>Psihologia s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii, <\/em>Pite\u0219ti: Paralela 45<\/li><li>Ribot, Theodule, 1996 (1924), <em>Patologia personalit\u0103\u021bii<\/em>, Bucure\u0219ti: Editura \u0218tiin\u021bific\u0103. Colec\u021bia Psyche (trad. Dr. Leonard Gavriliu)<\/li><li>Rooney, Sally, 2019 (2017),<em> Conversa\u021bii cu prietenii, <\/em>Bucure\u0219ti: Editura Curtea Veche, Colec\u021bia BYBLOS, (trad. Theo Herghelegiu)<\/li><li>Ru\u0219ti, Doina, 2013, <em>M\u0103mica la dou\u0103 alb\u0103strele, <\/em>Ia\u0219i: Polirom<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Oricare ar fi modalitatea de rela\u021bionare cu personajele lor, romancierii sunt atra\u0219i de descrierea suferin\u021belor acestora, convin\u0219i fiind de faptul c\u0103 orice caracter individual al protagoni\u0219tilor este \u00eenscris \u00een organismul \u0219i creierul lor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":4131,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[52,58],"tags":[85,888,86],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-4130","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rubrici","category-save-as","tag-magda-danciu","tag-nr-11-12-2021","tag-save-as"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/04\/pexels-negative-space-48604-scaled.jpeg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4130","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4130"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4130\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4134,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4130\/revisions\/4134"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4131"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4130"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4130"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4130"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcoauthors&post=4130"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}