{"id":2840,"date":"2021-08-12T23:34:28","date_gmt":"2021-08-12T20:34:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/?p=2840"},"modified":"2021-08-12T23:34:34","modified_gmt":"2021-08-12T20:34:34","slug":"tolstoi-pedigree","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/?p=2840","title":{"rendered":"Tolstoi pedigree"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Tatiana Tolstaia, Lumi eterice,<\/em> traducere de Raluca Davicenco, Editura Curtea Veche, 2020<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Scriitoarea Tatiana Tolstaia (n. 1951) provine, dup\u0103 cum o tr\u0103deaz\u0103 \u0219i numele, dintr-o familie cu pedigree literar: Alexei Tolstoi i-a fost str\u0103bunic, Lev Tolstoi \u2013 unchi \u00eendep\u0103rtat, o alt\u0103 str\u0103bunic\u0103 a fost poet\u0103, un str\u0103bunic a tradus primul \u00een rus\u0103 Divina Comedie<\/em>, sora ei a fost de asemenea scriitoare, iar pe linie matern\u0103 se \u00eenrude\u0219te \u0219i cu Turgheniev.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cenainte ca Uniunea Sovietic\u0103 s\u0103 se dezmembreze, Tolstaia abandona munca de redactor \u00eentr-o editur\u0103 \u0219i pleca \u00een Statele Unite unde, vreme de un deceniu, avea s\u0103 predea creative writing la mai multe universit\u0103\u021bi, perioad\u0103 \u00een care a \u00eenceput s\u0103 publice povestiri \u00een The New Yorker<\/em> \u0219i The Paris Review<\/em>, precum \u0219i eseuri confesive, literare sau politice \u00een The New York Review of Books.<\/em> \u00cen anul 2000, c\u00eend i-a ap\u0103rut romanul Z\u00eetul <\/em>(recent reeditat la Curtea Veche), distopie post-nuclear\u0103 plasat\u0103 \u00eentr-o Moscov\u0103 \u00een ruine, Tolstaia \u00ee\u0219i f\u0103cuse deja un nume \u00een State \u0219i avea s\u0103 se \u00eentoarc\u0103 \u00een Rusia pentru a realiza un talk show de televiziune foarte critic pe teme de cultur\u0103 \u0219i politic\u0103 ruseasc\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De altfel, Tolstaia sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 literatura personal\u0103, trecut\u0103 prin proba timpului \u0219i, mai ales, prin filtrul capricios al memoriei, ofer\u0103 acela\u0219i mod de ie\u0219ire din real \u0219i aceea\u0219i form\u0103 de adev\u0103r infidel realit\u0103\u021bii pe care le practic\u0103 \u0219i fic\u021biunea. <\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Publicat\u0103 \u00een 2018, cea mai recent\u0103 carte a ei, Lumi eterice,<\/em> nu este propriu-zis un volum de proz\u0103 scurt\u0103 de fic\u021biune, dar evoc\u0103rile \u0219i prozele sale autobiografice se joac\u0103 de-a fantasticul (proza \u201eFerestra\u201d pare o parabol\u0103 scris\u0103 la dou\u0103 m\u00eeini de Gogol \u0219i Bulgakov) \u0219i au calit\u0103\u021bi epice, comice, satirice, portretistice sau de atmosfer\u0103 care te fac s\u0103 ui\u021bi c\u0103 ceea ce cite\u0219ti nu s\u00eent clasice povestiri cu narator protagonist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

De altfel, Tolstaia sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 literatura personal\u0103, trecut\u0103 prin proba timpului \u0219i, mai ales, prin filtrul capricios al memoriei, ofer\u0103 acela\u0219i mod de ie\u0219ire din real \u0219i aceea\u0219i form\u0103 de adev\u0103r infidel realit\u0103\u021bii pe care le practic\u0103 \u0219i fic\u021biunea. \u00cen textul de deschidere al volumului, Tolstaia poveste\u0219te cum, la v\u00eersta de 39 de ani, trebuind s\u0103-\u0219i menajeze ochii \u00een urma unei opera\u021bii pe cornee, a descoperit, \u00een acea orbire temporar\u0103, esen\u021ba \u0219i natura rememor\u0103rii (\u201eperpetua metafor\u0103 a izgonirii din paradis\u201d), experien\u021b\u0103 care a condus-o la scrierea primei sale proze: \u201eDintr-odat\u0103 \u0219tiam \u00eentocmai ce s\u0103 fac, ce s\u0103 scriu, ce s\u0103 nu scriu. Mai mult, \u00een\u021belegeam perfect c\u0103 ceea ce r\u0103m\u00eenea nescris purta cu sine un soi de putere special\u0103, o anume gravitate prin absen\u021b\u0103, asemeni for\u021bei magnetice care poate s\u0103 atrag\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 resping\u0103 \u00een egal\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103: o for\u021b\u0103 existent\u0103, de\u0219i invizibil\u0103.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A doua proz\u0103, cea titular\u0103 (\u201elumile eterice\u201d desemn\u00eend deopotriv\u0103 rezultatele memoriei \u0219i ale fic\u021biunii), abordeaz\u0103 \u00eenceputurile profesoratului ei \u00een State \u0219i, \u00een paralel, cump\u0103rarea, renovarea \u0219i, ulterior, v\u00eenzarea unei case, o aventur\u0103 \u00een sine, spectaculoas\u0103 \u0219i prin felul \u00een care surprinde mentalul \u0219i specificul american \u00eentr-o combina\u021bie de absurd \u0219i comic ce aminte\u0219te de America descris\u0103 pe de o parte de Kafka, pe de alt\u0103 parte de Ilf \u0219i Petrov. <\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen general, prozele abordeaz\u0103 trei teme: via\u021ba nou\u0103 din State (experien\u021ba profesoratului, o prim\u0103 aventur\u0103 amoroas\u0103, cump\u0103rarea unei case), via\u021ba din Rusia (istorii personale \u0219i de familie, tradi\u021bii, obiceiuri \u0219i m\u00eenc\u0103ruri, scene domestice din perioada \u201evremurilor grele sovietice\u201d, identitate na\u021bional\u0103) \u0219i c\u00eeteva eseuri critice de art\u0103 (Malevici, Swedenborg) sau c\u0103l\u0103torii culturale prin Europa (Grecia, Italia). Indiferent de subiect, Tolstaia dovede\u0219te, dincolo de umor, un sim\u021b al observa\u021biei excep\u021bional \u0219i, implicit, o mare pasiune pentru detalii. \u00centr-una din proze poveste\u0219te cum a intrat \u00een coliziune cu un grup de orbi, \u00eent\u00eemplare care, asociat\u0103 parabolei \u201efor\u021bei invizibile\u201d din proza introductiv\u0103, func\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca o metafor\u0103 a lecturii: cititorul deseori se treze\u0219te \u201elovit\u201d de detalii ap\u0103rute de nic\u0103ieri sau aparent invizibile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dou\u0103 proze – fragmentare \u00een form\u0103, dar consistente prin con\u021binut – se deta\u0219eaz\u0103 \u00een mod special din cuprinsul celor optsprezece texte, d\u00eend m\u0103sura calit\u0103\u021bii scrisului s\u0103u. Prima, \u201eFecioara invizibil\u0103\u201d, este o colec\u021bie de istorii, anecdote \u0219i portrete de familie, majoritatea prilejuite de vacan\u021bele petrecute \u00eentr-o izb\u0103 (caban\u0103 tradi\u021bional\u0103 ruseasc\u0103) de la \u021bar\u0103; \u0219i unde toate personajele rememor\u0103rii scriitoarei (unchi, m\u0103tu\u0219i, vecini) s\u00eent memorabile \u2013 de altfel, calitatea de portretist\u0103 a Tatianei Tolstaia este absolut remarcabil\u0103. A doua proz\u0103, cea titular\u0103 (\u201elumile eterice\u201d desemn\u00eend deopotriv\u0103 rezultatele memoriei \u0219i ale fic\u021biunii), abordeaz\u0103 \u00eenceputurile profesoratului ei \u00een State \u0219i, \u00een paralel, cump\u0103rarea, renovarea \u0219i, ulterior, v\u00eenzarea unei case, o aventur\u0103 \u00een sine, spectaculoas\u0103 \u0219i prin felul \u00een care surprinde mentalul \u0219i specificul american \u00eentr-o combina\u021bie de absurd \u0219i comic ce aminte\u0219te de America descris\u0103 pe de o parte de Kafka, pe de alt\u0103 parte de Ilf \u0219i Petrov.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Recent, tot la Editura Curtea Veche a ap\u0103rut a treia traducere din opera ei, volumul Pere\u021bi albi<\/em>, o antologie a prozei sale de fic\u021biune. Dar despre aceasta, \u00eentr-o recenzie viitoare.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tolstaia sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 literatura personal\u0103, trecut\u0103 prin proba timpului \u0219i, mai ales, prin filtrul capricios al memoriei, ofer\u0103 acela\u0219i mod de ie\u0219ire din real \u0219i aceea\u0219i form\u0103 de adev\u0103r infidel realit\u0103\u021bii pe care le practic\u0103 \u0219i fic\u021biunea.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":2841,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[59,52],"tags":[88,87,553],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-2840","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-flashbook","category-rubrici","tag-flashbook","tag-marius-chivu","tag-nr-6-2021"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/coperta-Tolstaia.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2840","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2840"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2840\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2842,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2840\/revisions\/2842"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2841"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2840"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2840"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2840"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcoauthors&post=2840"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}