{"id":15986,"date":"2026-08-18T17:38:44","date_gmt":"2026-08-18T14:38:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/?p=15986"},"modified":"2026-08-18T17:38:49","modified_gmt":"2026-08-18T14:38:49","slug":"salem-reloaded","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/?p=15986","title":{"rendered":"Salem reloaded"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
\"\"
Mona Chollet, Vr\u0103jitoare. Puterea de temut a femeii rebele<\/em>, Black Button Books, Bucure\u0219ti, 2023, traducere de Aurelia Ulici<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

De ceva vreme, c\u00e2nd vine vorba de feminism \u2013 sau, mai cur\u00e2nd, atunci c\u00e2nd vine vorba despre problemele, nedrept\u0103\u021bile, durerile, \u00een definitiv, pe care feminismul \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 le mic\u0219oreze considerabil (c\u0103ci p\u00e2n\u0103 la dispari\u021bie e mult de mers) \u2013, g\u00e2ndesc \u00een termeni ceva mai abstrac\u021bi, care fire\u0219te c\u0103 ajung s\u0103 se traduc\u0103 \u00een cele mai pu\u021bin abstracte ac\u021biuni, ceea ce nu-mi dau seama c\u00e2t e de fericit sau de potrivit. M\u0103 g\u00e2ndesc cam a\u0219a: este \u00eempiedicarea, uneori con\u0219tient\u0103, \u0219i deci profund mali\u021bioas\u0103, alteori incon\u0219tient\u0103, dar la fel de crud\u0103, dac\u0103 nu \u0219i mai \u0219i, a femeilor de a r\u0103spunde \u00een deplin\u0103 libertate la chem\u0103rile lumii<\/em>, orice vibra\u021bie ori form\u0103 ar lua ele. V\u0103 pute\u021bi g\u00e2ndi la orice aici. E o form\u0103 de strangulare a oric\u0103rei tentative de dialog, e o form\u0103 de mutilare simbolic\u0103, sau nu chiar, a unui mod de a fi \u00een lume. \u00cempiedicare, spuneam pe de o parte, pedepsire, pe de alta, atunci c\u00e2nd r\u0103spunsul reu\u0219e\u0219te totu\u0219i s\u0103 se nasc\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 plece \u00eenapoi c\u0103tre lume. Cu lentila asta am \u00eenceput s\u0103 citesc, \u00een mare, cartea fran\u021buzoaicei Mona Chollet, Vr\u0103jitoare.<\/em> Puterea de temut a femeii rebele<\/em>, tocmai ca s\u0103 v\u0103d cum ar ar\u0103ta cel de-al doilea scenariu pe care l-am amintit mai sus. Numai cu jum\u0103tate de gur\u0103 \u0219i cu glas mic v-a\u0219 putea spune c-am g\u0103sit ce c\u0103utam, \u00eens\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mi-a amintit, \u00een treac\u0103t fie spus, de un poem la care m\u0103 \u00eentorc adesea al lui Emily Dickinson, They shut me up in Prose, <\/em>\u0219i care cred c\u0103 cere s\u0103 fie amintit aici, la \u00eenceputuri: They shut me up in Prose<\/em> \u2013\/ As when a little Girl\/ They put me in the Closet \u2013\/<\/em> Because they liked me \u201estill\u201d \u2013\/\/ Still! Could themself<\/em> have peeped \u2013\/ And seen my Brain \u2013 go round \u2013\/ They<\/em> might as wise have lodged a Bird\/ For Treason \u2013 in the<\/em> Pound \u2013\/\/ Himself has but to will\/ And easy as a Star\/<\/em> Look down opon Captivity \u2013\/ And laugh \u2013 No more<\/em> have I \u2013<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Revin. Chollet pleac\u0103, de nu cumva v-a\u021bi dat deja seama din titlu, de la acest moment specific din tenebroasa noastr\u0103 istorie, cea a v\u00e2n\u0103torii de vr\u0103jitoare, care, departe de a fi ceva rizibil, \u00eendep\u0103rtat, dac\u0103 nu chiar d\u00e2nd o impresie fictiv\u0103, este pentru autoarea francez\u0103 un eveniment care ar merita mai mult\u0103 aten\u021bie \u0219i investiga\u021bie, fiindc\u0103 \u2013 sugereaz\u0103 ea \u2013 e un soi de v\u00e2rf de lance a ceea ce \u00eenseamn\u0103 pedepsirea femeii rebele<\/em>, care a avut b\u0103taie a\u0219a de lung\u0103 c-am putea-o recunoa\u0219te \u0219i \u00een contemporaneitate. <\/em>\u00cen fine, rebeliunea asta e relativ\u0103 la contextele istorice \u0219i psiho-mentalitare \u00een care se desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103, dar tot rebeliune r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u0219i ca orice ie\u0219ire din norm\u0103 cere a fi \u00een\u0103bu\u0219it\u0103 de cei care s-au luptat nu doar s\u0103 aib\u0103 puterea, ci \u0219i s-o p\u0103streze, nu-i a\u0219a? A\u0219a \u00eenc\u00e2t cartea nu se rezum\u0103 la creionarea acestei istorii, care e oricum scurt\u0103 (nu musai istoria \u00een sine, ci povestirea ei), ci e interesat\u0103 s\u0103 vad\u0103 ce mo\u0219tenire au l\u0103sat ace\u0219ti v\u00e2n\u0103tori \u00een Europa \u0219i \u00een Statele Unite ale Americii \u2013 n-am gre\u0219i dac\u0103 am numi cartea asta o carte a mo\u0219tenirilor \u0219i a noilor chipuri ale unor str\u0103mo\u0219i (de care ne este ru\u0219ine, \u00een ciuda senectu\u021bii lor epocale). Totu\u0219i, imaginea asta a vr\u0103jitoarei numai deschide textul, ca mai apoi s\u0103 se transforme \u00eentr-o prezen\u021b\u0103 evanescent\u0103 \u0219i vaporoas\u0103, care \u00eenso\u021be\u0219te argumenta\u021bia numai \u00een spirit, ca o c\u0103l\u0103uz\u0103 discret\u0103, s\u0103 zicem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cel pu\u021bin asta \u00eemi imaginez c\u0103 a \u00eencercat Chollet s\u0103 fac\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Odat\u0103 dep\u0103\u0219it (textual) acest moment, aten\u021bia se va \u00eendrepta, \u00een primul capitol, spre \u201elovitura dat\u0103 tuturor dorin\u021belor de independen\u021b\u0103 feminin\u0103\u201d, adic\u0103 lovitura dat\u0103 celibatarelor \u0219i v\u0103duvelor, care, \u00een capitolul al doilea, \u00ee\u0219i mut\u0103 accentul pe femeile care nu au sau nu \u00ee\u0219i doresc copii (\u0219i automat lu\u00e2nd \u00een seam\u0103 \u0219i problematica avortului), deci pe maternitate \u0219i non-maternitate. Ea merge \u00eenc\u0103 \u0219i mai departe aici, aduc\u00e2nd \u00een discu\u021bie cazurile femeilor care \u00ee\u0219i manifest\u0103 regretul de a fi avut copii. Capitolul al treilea are \u00een centru figura femeilor v\u00e2rstnice, \u00een\u021beleptele c\u0103runte, a c\u0103ror b\u0103tr\u00e2ne\u021be r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een imaginarul colectiv ca fiind inerent ur\u00e2t\u0103 \u0219i amenin\u021b\u0103toare. B\u0103tr\u00e2ne\u021bea feminin\u0103 devine \u00een Occident imaginea<\/em> preferat\u0103 a abjec\u021biei<\/em>, dup\u0103 cum ne spune Antonio Dominguez Leiva. \u0218i, spre final, \u00een cel de-al patrulea capitol, ceva mai \u00eendr\u0103zne\u021b poate dec\u00e2t capitolele precedente, vorbe\u0219te despre \u201easervirea femeilor necesar\u0103 instaur\u0103rii sistemului capitalist\u201d (prelu\u00e2nd o teorie din Caliban and the<\/em> Witch. Women, the Body and Primitive Accumulation<\/em>, care-i apar\u021bine Silviei Federici) \u0219i, chiar mai mult dec\u00e2t at\u00e2t, discut\u0103 despre na\u0219terea unei \u0219tiin\u021be arogante, care dac\u0103 nu anuleaz\u0103, atunci marginalizeaz\u0103 puternic femininul, consider\u00e2ndu-l prea <\/em>ira\u021bional, isteric \u0219i excesiv de <\/em>emo\u021bional. Un soi de apus al vindec\u0103toarelor \u0219i al moa\u0219elor, de pild\u0103. Astea sunt direc\u021biile pe care o apuc\u0103 autoarea noastr\u0103 \u0219i nu m-ascund spun\u00e2ndu-v\u0103 c\u0103 m-am pierdut de multe ori \u00een p\u00e2nza acestor drumuri care p\u0103reau c\u0103 se bifurc\u0103 la nesf\u00e2r\u0219it \u0219i c\u0103rora nu de pu\u021bine ori nu le-am putut urm\u0103ri logica ideatic\u0103, care cred c\u0103, m\u0103car din c\u00e2nd \u00een c\u00e2nd, r\u0103m\u00e2nea obscur\u0103 chiar \u0219i fa\u021b\u0103 de sine \u00eens\u0103\u0219i. Dificultatea, de cele mai multe ori, a \u021binut \u0219i de logica<\/em> combinatorie <\/em>a volumului \u2013 e genul acela de aglomera\u021bie excesiv\u0103 care tulbur\u0103 \u00een loc s\u0103 limpezeasc\u0103 sau s\u0103 nuan\u021beze. O fi fost o chestiune de ambi\u021bie, o fi fost l\u0103comie, asta nu mi-e foarte clar nici acum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen linii mari, re\u021binerea mea e una mai degrab\u0103 structural\u0103, iar suspiciunile mele se \u00eendreapt\u0103 spre modul \u00een care Mona Chollet \u00een\u021belege s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i construiasc\u0103 argumentul, fiindc\u0103 el este pe alocuri u\u0219or beteag \u0219i \u00eempr\u0103\u0219tiat, \u00eentruc\u00e2tva l\u0103b\u0103r\u021bat, uit\u00e2ndu-\u0219i parc\u0103 punctul de plecare sau nefiind sigur unde trebuie s\u0103 ajung\u0103. Amnezia asta, mi-a\u0219 da singur\u0103 voie s\u0103 spun, vine dintr-o dorin\u021b\u0103 de exhaustivitate sau de apropiere de ea (\u0219i care cred c\u0103 e doar cealalt\u0103 fa\u021b\u0103 a unei datorii morale & emo\u021bionale resim\u021bite de autoare), care ajunge la noi sub forma unor invoc\u0103ri repetate a c\u00e2t mai multor situa\u021bii \u00een care femeile au avut \u0219i au \u00een continuare de suferit din ni\u0219te motive de altminteri ridicole \u2013 ridicole pentru o minte m\u0103car pu\u021bin ra\u021bional\u0103 \u0219i pentru o inim\u0103 care n-a \u00eenghe\u021bat de-a binelea. Furia general\u0103 \u2013 c\u0103reia de altfel \u00eei dau dreptate \u00een totalitate \u2013 decurge din absurdul acestor motive, care-n fapt vin de at\u00e2t de departe \u00eenc\u00e2t nici nu le-am mai putea numi cu precizie, tocmai pentru c\u0103 ele au fost culturale (\u00een\u021belege\u021bi c\u00e2t mai larg acest termen), nu naturale, \u0219i care s-au insinuat cu at\u00e2ta pricepere \u0219i voluptate \u00een structurile noastre mentalitare \u00eenc\u00e2t ai crede aproape c-au fost l\u0103sate pe p\u0103m\u00e2ntul rodnic al min\u021bii omene\u0219ti de un Dumnezeu cam misogin, dar cu at\u00e2t mai atotputernic. Dac\u0103 stau s\u0103 m\u0103 g\u00e2ndesc mai bine, at\u00e2t de ad\u00e2nc s-au \u00eenr\u0103d\u0103cinat credin\u021bele astea \u00een noi, \u00eenc\u00e2t ajungi s\u0103 ai senza\u021bia c\u0103 sunt naturale \u2013 de aceea \u0219i sunt \u00een halul \u0103sta de greu de dezlegat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oricum ar fi, ce cred c\u0103 \u00eei lipse\u0219te c\u0103r\u021bii Monei Chollet e profunzimea \u2013 iar aici m\u0103 refer la tipul acela de profunzime care vrea \u0219i trebuie s\u0103 mearg\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 sape la r\u0103d\u0103cinile problemelor pe care le strig\u0103 ca s\u0103 le a\u0219eze \u00een text. Tragi linia \u0219i consta\u021bi c\u0103-i doar o \u00eenv\u00e2rteal\u0103 \u00een jurul cozii s\u0103 construie\u0219ti un asemenea argument aproape exclusiv pe spinarea efectelor<\/em> problematicii pe care o discu\u021bi (deci numai pe diversele moduri defectuoase \u0219i mutilatoare \u00een care-s v\u0103zute \u0219i tratate femeile, care \u00eentr-un fel sau altul ies din norm\u0103), l\u0103s\u00e2nd deoparte cauzele<\/em>, care fire\u0219te c\u0103-s greu de recuperat \u0219i de articulat. Ceea ce a\u0219 fi vrut s\u0103 v\u0103d aici \u0219i tot asta cred c\u0103 s-ar fi dovedit fertil (no pun intended) ar fi fost o mai mare \u00eendr\u0103zneal\u0103 a textului de a c\u0103uta de ce<\/em>-urile ascunse, nu doar s\u0103 traseze \u00eentr-un mod mai degrab\u0103 aproximativ acest transfer simbolic al reprezent\u0103rii feminine a vr\u0103jitoarei.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Una peste alta, asta-i o carte care realmente mi-ar fi pl\u0103cut s\u0103-mi plac\u0103<\/em>, dar nu a(m) reu\u0219it. Poate nu am avut ochii potrivi\u021bi pentru ea,poate c-am judecat-o pu\u021bin cam aspru, dar chiar cred c\u0103 punctele tari alefeminismului ar fi de c\u0103utat \u00een alte p\u0103r\u021bi. Altfel, \u0219i cu asta \u00eemi str\u00e2ngcatrafusele \u0219i \u00eenchei, cred \u00een egal\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103 c\u0103 e bine s\u0103 se vorbeasc\u0103 \u0219i despre simptomatologia acestei boli a misoginismului, despre care po\u021bi spune orice, numai nu c\u0103 este neadev\u0103rat\u0103 \u0219i nedureroas\u0103. B\u0103nuiesc c\u0103 a o arunca \u00een pivni\u021ba t\u0103cerii e doar un alt fel de a fi al ne\u00eencrederii \u0219i al necrez\u0103rii \u00een suferin\u021ba altuia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cronica ideilor de M\u0103riuca Mihalcea-Eliade<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":433,"featured_media":15987,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[75,52],"tags":[77,2579,2876,2866],"coauthors":[2578],"class_list":["post-15986","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cronica-ideilor","category-rubrici","tag-cronica-ideilor","tag-mariuca-mihalcea-eliade","tag-mona-chollet","tag-nr-5-2026"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/08\/vrajitoare.jpg","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15986","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/433"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15986"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15986\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15988,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15986\/revisions\/15988"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15987"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15986"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15986"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15986"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistafamilia.ro\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcoauthors&post=15986"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}